The Effectiveness of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program...

Introduction: Every parent wants the best for their children. They want their children to finish their studies. But unfortunately, there are many poor families cannot provide for the education of their children. Some families can only afford to eat one meal a day and they can’t even send their children to school. Sometimes the parents encourage their children to work and earn for their living, so that they can have something to eat. But we can’t blame them, because sometimes it is better to have something for supper, than to have something to feed your mind. Every youth deserves to have a decent education for them to be the next leaders not only of their generation but of the country as well. We should also take care of their welfare.†¦show more content†¦But because of shortage of budget, the government sometimes fails to help them and there are also many things to consider. Background of the Study: Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program is a program by the Department of Social Welfare and Development that aims to reduce poverty by providing qualified families conditional cash grants. The program is currently covering 255 municipalities and 15 key cities in 45 provinces, serving 700,000 households. There are an inter – agency council for the implementation of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program composed of the Department of Health ( DOH ), Department of Education ( DepEd ), Department of Interior and Local Government ( DILG ), National Anti - Poverty Commission ( NAPC ), and the Landbank. The program was implemented during the term of former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and now, is the continuous program of the present administration. Since the program is slated to run for five years, legislation has been proposed to formally institutionalize the program. The Senate Bill 3412 or Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program Act of 2009, authorized by the Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago. The bill aims to institutionalize the program by formally making it the national conditional fund transfer program. Statement of the Problem: This study aims to answer the following research questions about theShow MoreRelatedpantawid pamilyang pilipino program1609 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program? †¢ Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program is a conditional cash transfer (CCT) program that provides cash grants to poor households with children 0-14 years old and/or pregnant mothers, provided that they comply with the conditions set by the program †¢ Objectives: social assistance- provides conditional cash assistance to the poor to alleviate their immediate needs (short term poverty alleviation); and social development- aims to break the intergenerationalRead MorePANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM (4Ps) Case Study4557 Words   |  19 PagesA CASE STUDY ON THE DELISTED BENEFICIARIES OF PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM (4Ps) INTRODUCTION A Conditional Cash Transfer Program is a program implemented by the government where money (cash grants) is given to eligible beneficiaries given that these beneficiaries comply with certain conditions such as nutrition, education, family development sessions, and other such services offered by the government. It is a means of helping the beneficiaries through provision of social and medical assistanceRead More4ps-Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program3477 Words   |  14 Pagesgovernment developed the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4P’S) that has now become its flagship social assistance program to help the poor. Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program is a Modified Conditional Cash Transfer for the poor families in the Philippines. According to Lucy Basset in her discussion paper entitled â€Å"Can Conditional Cash Transfer Programs Play a Greater Role in Reducing Child Undernutrition?, October 2008, Conditional Cash Transfer Conditional Cash Transfer programs (CCTs) provid e cashRead More4ps in the Philippines3303 Words   |  14 PagesUNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES MANILA College of Arts and Sciences Department of Social Sciences DEVELOPMENT STUDIES PROGRAM THE EFFECTS OF PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM IN THE LIVES OF BENEFICIARIES IN THE CITY OF MANILA (Thesis Proposal) MARY GRACE FABROS BA Development Studies UP Manila Statement of the problem The Philippines has been battling against poverty for over several years now. The problem with poverty was inherited by every president, the highest ranking official of the republicRead MoreThe Effectiveness of Conditional Cash Transfers: A Case Study of the Philippines Nathalie van1800 Words   |  8 PagesThe Effectiveness of Conditional Cash Transfers: A Case Study of the Philippines Nathalie van Baren Bachelor of science in Economics, KU Leuven, Belgium Introduction The Philippines anno 2014: recovering from their recent typhoons, economic growth of an estimated seven percent and less than one year left to reach the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The wanted progress on the second goal ‘Achieve Universal Primary Education’ is most likely not going to be achieved. How is that possible sinceRead MoreThesis Solo Parenting1856 Words   |  8 PagesWelfare and Development-Central Office (DSWD-CO), in a recent Philstar.com report. RA 8972 is an act that provides special benefits and privileges to solo or single parents and their children, which include livelihood assistance, counseling services, education scholarships or discounts, flexible work schedule, additional work leaves, and health or medical assistance, among others. But not everyone knows that such act even exists, Javier said. Apart from that, some solo parents could not avail of said benefitsRead MoreExpanding Child Participation During Prevention And Elimination Of Child Labor2316 Words   |  10 PagesExpanding Child Participation in Prevention and Elimination of Child labor through Peer Education and Child Labor Monitoring (A Concept Paper) I. RATIONALE: A. BACKGROUND A survey conducted by the National Statistics Office (NSO) and international labor Organization (ILO) in 2011 estimated working children, 5 to 17 years old at 5.5 million. 3 million or 54.5 % were engaged in hazardous child labour. Under the law, child labor is defined as any form of work or economic activity performed by

Loan Debt And Voting For A Presidential Candidate

A four-year college education is an expensive recommendation, and many students require loans to pay for their tuition. These loans may appear beneficial at first glance; they permit students to attend class without working an occupation, concentrate on their schoolwork and possess a relatively low-interest rate which regularly does not take effect until after the student graduates. However, students often overlook the fact that they need to repay the loans in a timely manner. The future is difficult to predict if students will be in a superior position to reimburse the loans in a couple of years than they are present. A majority of these loans do not vanish even if a student decides to file for bankruptcy because of how unclearly laws are†¦show more content†¦(par. 4) Phelps outlines the rising cost for a bachelor’s degree mixed with student loans prepares the economy to further drown in debt. Legal tender exhausted on loans is that the currency can be better spent on grants and scholarships. A great deal of debt restricts students’ capacity to take an interest in factors that stimulate the economy, for instance, purchasing stocks. The removal of student debt encourages students to consider necessary risks that business markets, an important factor in economics, utilize. Furthermore, excessive monthly student loan installments require a solid salary, and students find it difficult to manage their career as well as debts after college. An increase in collegiate participation and graduation are national objectives which the government creates. A handful of financial advisors say current congressional policy changes, for example, simpler installment choices for lower-salary students along with loan grace periods for those working govern ment jobs, should accomplish these national objectives and make loans less dangerous for students. For instance, Marcia Clemmitt states: As Congress tries to reduce the federal debt, it is forcing federal loan and grant programs for higher education to fight for

Supply Chain Management of Groupe Casino-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Disucss about the global Supply Chain Management of Groupe Casino Supermarket. Answer: Introduction This report describes the global supply chain management of Groupe Casino supermarket, a retailer industry in Congo country (Christopher, 2016). Groupe Casino is a leading player in the French non-food retailer market with Cdiscount and has established various basic need e-tailing arrangements under its standards. The report explains the main features, obstacles and challenges of the supply chain of the company, the methods which show the inter-organizational connections reinforce supply chain integration, and the utilization of advanced technology by companies to sustain competitive benefits. The main objective of this report is to accomplish effective satisfaction of requirements, drive good customer value, increase company responsiveness, establish organize strength, and encourage financial achievement. Main characteristic, barriers, and challenges of the Casino supermarket supply chain Groupe Casino supermarket offers a full, competitively priced range of food items with an average of 13000 SKUs, including major goods, a big portion of the Company brand products and fresh items, and a determination of local specialists. According to Li and Jialing (2011), the highly expanded non-food line-up caters the daily requirements of local consumers. The banner's positioning of a company refers to a promise to delivering low costs, ensured quality and a shopping knowledge that makes life simpler. Casino supermarket wide offerings are depending on the main four characteristics which are explained as follows: Pre-dominance of company level: According to Stadtler (2015), the Casino Group portfolio contains many private marks covering a board range of gourmet, family, natural, apparel, fair trade, board-based discount. The company brand is one of the outstanding selling private labels in France at the present time in terms of penetration rates such as company own-brand sales with respect to total store sales. The vast majority of the company private labels items for material, home, and nourishment categories are produced through its sourcing division and Casino Global sourcing which headquarter are situated in Hong Kong. Augmentation and value-added presentation of products: According to Agrawal and Smith (2015), company strategy is based on the concept based differentiation in order to set the standard for delivering their product and services to the customer. The company returns to the traditional skill in fresh products with the powerful and distinct methods, and marketing value-added products and service remain in dramatic settings, for example, bakery butcher, fruit, fruits, and vegetables. The expansion of self-service segments makes the purchasing simple for the customers. The company concentrates on the item quality, originality and associated with changing customer conduct by categories and store. Development of new non-food ideas: According to McCormick and Livett (2012), company idea is intended to make the innovative products for the customers, pleasurable experience, with motivated staff, pleasant format, quality fittings, clear signage that coordinates activity effectively and unique non-food offerings. Low costs: The cost-cutting policy was an achievement for the Casino supermarket, which enjoyed a surge in both food and non-sustenance sales volume and an expansion in income in the final quarter. The banner is proud to be the co-value pioneer in the supermarket segment. On the other hand, the main barriers faced by Casino supermarket in the supply chain are explained as follows: Uncovering Technologies: According to Chkanikova and Mont (2015), Casino supermarket is driven by developing calls for transparency is starting to use new technologies to give provenance information to the marketplace. Uncovering technologies will become a necessary part of building trust and securing image. The key innovations are not new, but the company is developing and mixing to release new opportunities and threats (Sarac et al., 2010). Product labeling has been changed by microscopic electronic gadgets, genetic markers for agricultural items, and a new generation of standardized tags that can be read with standard cell phones. For example The Casino Group will offer Lyon residents a new, fun approach to shop in a hurry. Utilizing their cell phone and the mCasino application, they will have the capacity to do their shopping rapidly and afterward either have it conveyed or get it at Casino Shopping stores in Lyon. Keeping in mind the end goal to make the administration available to as many individuals as possible, the mCasino application not just enables items to be chosen by means of the QR code, but also by means of NFC labels and picture acknowledgment. Changing Marketing: As consumers take a greater interest in the origins and validness of the things they purchase, giving them with instruments to track provenance that will become an essential part of the marketing mix and will provide manufacturers and distributors new ways to expand on brand value. Casino supermarkets retailers have used creative services from France supply chain services. For example: Casino group have used a creative service from Central Africa supply chain services. The frameworks empower grocery suppliers to gather and submit data about products, with an attention on ensuring that items are not produced from other retailers that were harvested with child labor. This information used internally, enabling the organization to be more certain about creating moral claims about their products. Anticipating the risk: According to Papakiriakopoulos and Pramatari (2010), new innovations will give visibility into the modern framework of the industrial system. Even if the organization selects to hold their provenance information under wraps, they will have no certification that activist and campaign gatherings or even contenders will be so hesitant. The explosion of worldwide electronic communication empowers those who wish to pull down the corporate image just as it offers firms the opportunity to establish trust. For example: The warning comes after Casino last week issued final quarter outcomes, which represent that it is continuing to endure in Latin America, especially in the recession which hit Brazil. The total sales in the final quarter dropped by 14.6 percent in Latin America as compared to a 1.5 percent increase in sales in France. Group sales for the final quarter fell 11.2 for every versus a year sooner as foreign trade developments also conflicted with the retailer. Despite the fact, the reasonable execution in Casinos home market of France, SP said it sees the organization overall execution as weak, with regards to the group high leverage using relative consolidation and its genuinely low scope measurements at the French operations, where most of the group's obligation sits. According to Fernie and Sparks (2014), the main challenges faced by Casino supermarket are explained as follows: Better communication: Communication is one of the main biggest organizational challenges that a company faces. As Casino supermarket begin changes to their business, effective communication among employees and supervisors will become an essential part of identifying whether or not those changes will be accomplished (Rushton et al., 2014). For example, In order to overcome this challenge, Groupe Casino enabling the workers through online communication instruments could help employees with the data they require to enhance consumer benefit. The adoption of online communication enables the Company to keep their employees involved and connected Operational inefficiency: According Lee et al. (2012), handling complexity and fast change is likely the most difficult thing for a retailer to do, but is it essential to maintaining an efficient operation. Lack of communication, cooperation, and consistency across the company are hampered by storehouses of data and absence of visibility across main supply chain activities (Ross, 2013). Dependency on manual and bulky procedures keeps organizations down and operations running on spreadsheets are not versatile. For example, Casino group can establish a more effective supply chain which includes upgrading resources, accelerating product life-cycle, decreasing stock and empowering more communication and cooperation across inner and outside stakeholders. Supply chain procedure upgrades supported by best in class innovation allow the company to relate disparate functions and empower true end to end supply chain cooperation. Quality and regulatory compliance: According to Akkerman et al. (2010), customers expect quality items regardless of whether they are branded, personal and restrictive label and they consider retailers responsible for provider quality. At the same time, consistence is expanding in complexity as governments and buyer bodies mandate larger legitimate measures and quality standards (Zhang et al., 2010). For example, procedures and frameworks, which proactively handle, track, upgrade, and report on quality and consistence information relieve risks and protect downstream issues. The company approaches towards consistence of best in the class retailer in corporate, working with the providers, accomplices in order to construct administration capacity, preparing specialist and supervisors on labor rights, security conventions, and tracking performance indicators. Inter-organizational relationships of company supply chain management Supply Chain management is the synchronization of materials, information, and cash related streams all together to,in terms of time to market, dexterity, and decrease in prices. According to Tangpong,et al. (2010), in the present aggressive business condition, supply chain management is thus become an essential part of competitive edge for organizations. Supply Chain Management as well as the administration connection over different and complex systems of organizations that while lawfully free is in reality independent. Handling the supply chain in a proficient and performing way enables the worldwide chain to enhance its competitiveness. French accommodation and hypermarket retailer Casino's most squeezing challenge was to enhance information and availability over the whole supply chain. Its stock administration process was depend on the different, decentralized databases, engaging four store-level item administration frameworks, and a different product database for every warehouse in operation. As an outcome, because of diverse product level data such as quantity, quality, accessibility, and area, there were important special cases in product offerings. According to Sarkis et al. (2011), Casino required enhanced and simple access to the most recent product data, and the capability to rapidly and efficiently examine the information. The retailer chose to unite all its information together into one centralized source, for example, product specialist, and give an ordinary line and announcing customers as well as exchanging accomplices customers. The company also required to convince customers to leave the solace of dep artmental databases and spreadsheet with greatly customized interfaces and detailing facilities. Casino222 depends on its positive experience of accessing stock administration disparities in different business units, Casino supermarket select Aldata Gold answer for address its supply chain management requires and as the best course to utilizing information technology in order to support the further expansion internationally. Aldata suggested a staged, instead of an all-at-once way to deal with executing another framework over the supply chain. In order to align information technology activities to set an new inner business procedure, Casino set up progression of controlling advisory to overlook distinct parts of the execution, counting stockroom operations, stock floor, and store operations. Every guiding council included a venture pioneer, programming customers, and administrators shows various departments (Cao and Zhang, 2011). The retailer builds an overriding standard during the execution that there can be no adjustment in programming if there is no change in the procedure. It indicates one day per week during the execution of the survey its venture administration practices. As well as change administration, there were the other barriers that required to be examined. The new software had not just to help enhanced procedures, as well as it must be in backward compatible as well. Aldata solution connec ted its set up Gold system, which refers that, during the establishment of an information technology solution, Gold specialist collaborates with the customer's personnel to empower the foundation of a concentrated and devoted team to effectively implement the task. Aldata and Casino initially settled a list of essential information technology necessities, for example, the capability of new innovation to interface with the previous frameworks, while the change was made. After a close review of existing procedures, Aldata and Casino decided to start the item administration project with supermarket places, which responsible for 80 percent of entire hypermarket action. According to Cheng (2011), Aldata and Casino start execution of Gold WMS in warehouse operations, beginning with solidified nourishments and other product lines with few, restricted stock keeping units demands. The retailer then executes common merchandise places into the Gold centralized database solution. Casino and Aldata create various adoptions to the customized solution, based on the response of guiding groups, and employees from supermarket warehouse, and merchandise areas. Benefits: By executing and incorporating supply chain management solutions form big business frameworks vendor Aldata, Casino has possessed the capacity to enhance its stock administration and satisfaction practices by building a separate, centralized, online product management solution. The casino had set up and executed the streamlined product administration procedure and the Gold supply chain solution in 26 out of 30 warehouses, 10 out of 260 supermarkets, and one out of the 4250 convenience stores. At these areas, the retailer has diminished product exceptions and mistakes, increased product data availability, and enhanced overall income. The solution has been executed stores in Europe, USA, Asia and Latin America. Use of advanced technology by Casino Supermarket With the growing globalization of retailing, both as far as their purposes of-offer and their purposes of-supply, the advanced technology play an important role in the retail industry has expanded essentially. According to Liu et al. (2013), the advanced technology assumes an increasingly critical part in the administration of complex retail operations. New advancements continue to reshaping the retail industry and in unexpected ways. Supply chain management is concerned with the stream of items and information between supply chains person's associations. Latest improvements in advancements empower companies to access data without difficulty on their premises (Lee et al., 2010). These advancements are useful to organize the activities in order to handle the supply chain. The price of data is diminished because of the expanding rate of advancements. Therefore, the following advanced technology enables casino supermarket to maintain a competitive advantage: Internet of things: According to Vermesan and Friess (2014), internet of things is a tool of interconnected computing equipment, mechanical and digital devices, things, or human being that are offered with special determiners and the capability to exchange information over a network without the need of an individual or any electronic device. The Casino Group will offer Lyon occupants a new, fun approach to shop on the go. Using their smartphone and the mCasino app, they will have the capacity to do their shopping fast and afterward either have it conveyed or get it at Casino Shopping stores in Lyon. For example, Casino is offering customers access to a world first with an inventive acquiring solution based on picture acknowledgment and NFC contactless payment, two advancements that empower consumers to use their smartphones to choose an item in a matter of seconds. The casino is also developing in the field of customer services by giving the following benefits: Access to meal proposals planned by theme and with items cost prominently shown, making it simple to organize the evening meal and get detailed item data such as ingredients, structure, and nutrition. The choice to pay for pick-up or delivered at home when the shopping is done. Big Data Analytics: According to Chen et al. (2012), Big Data Analytics examines a lot of data which uncover concealed patterns, relationships, and distinct experiences. With today's technology, it is feasible to assess company information and find answers very quickly with more traditional business intelligence solutions. The Big data analytics enables the organization to handle their information and use it to determine new opportunities. This advanced technology also prompts for intelligent business moves, more productive operations, higher benefits and satisfied customers. The big data analytics also useful for organizations in various ways such as cost reduction, better decision making, and new items and services. Big data analytics assumes an imperative part of the price control. For example, previously Casino group used to change their stock cost which is based on the changing demands of customers. The company having the presumption of less demand, and they used to decrease the cost. However, after executing big data, Company will have the data that are data-were driven and cost that are optimized based on the constant demand. With the updated and analyzed big data, prices can be modified any moment as per the requirement. Cloud computing: According to Alshamaila et al. (2013), cloud computing is a data innovation paradigm that empowers universal access to shared pools of configurable framework resources and more elevated services that can be quickly provisioned with minimal administration exertion, often over the internet. Cloud computing is based on sharing of assets to achieve coherence and economy of scale, as a utility. It emphasizes companies to consume a computer asset, such as a Virtual Machine (VM), storage or a function as a utility. The utilization of cloud computing by Casino supermarket is very useful for the company in order to maintain their competitive advantage: Better channel operations: According to Cusumano (2010), cloud-based solutions can enhance the system and deliver more customized consumer experience. Retail as a Service (RaaS) can incorporate the diverse verticals like stock and order preparing which make better restocking abilities. The main benefit of cloud computing for Casino supermarket is the lower price and higher efficiency. For example, every Casino banner profits by a particular separated positioning to meet distinguished customer requirements. The expanded portfolio of casino supermarket deploys its net in France work of more than 10,500 stores by adjusting the outlets to various customers typologies, local lifestyle and the encompassing urban, rural environment. Larger supply chain visibility: With cloud computing, the retailer can have an enterprise-wide supply chain visibility. This advanced technology helps companies to catches continuous status of consignments digitized records from providers, transporters, logistics suppliers, and dealers. Conclusion From this report, it has been concluded that supply chain management is the organized and the strategic coordination of management for providing goods and items required by the end consumer. This report explains the global supply chain management of Casino Supermarket. The report describes the various features of organization which make its superior in terms of retailers. The report also explains the challenges and barriers which organization faced in the supply chain management. Casino supermarket maintains a good relationship with the suppliers which make its supply chain more effective. The organization also used advanced technology in their supply chain management which helps the company to maintain the competitive advantages. References Agrawal, N. and Smith, S.A. eds., 2015.Retail supply chain management: quantitative models and empirical studies(Vol. 223). Springer. Akkerman, R., Farahani, P. and Grunow, M., 2010. Quality, safety and sustainability in food distribution: a review of quantitative operations management approaches and challenges.Or Spectrum,32(4), pp.863-904. Alshamaila, Y., Papagiannidis, S. and Li, F., 2013. Cloud computing adoption by SMEs in the north east of England: A multi-perspective framework.Journal of Enterprise Information Management,26(3), pp.250-275. Cao, M. and Zhang, Q., 2011. Supply chain collaboration: Impact on collaborative advantage and firm performance.Journal of operations management,29(3), pp.163-180. Chen, Y., Alspaugh, S. and Katz, R., 2012. Interactive analytical processing in big data systems: A cross-industry study of mapreduce workloads.Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment,5(12), pp.1802-1813. Cheng, J.H., 2011. Inter-organizational relationships and information sharing in supply chains.International Journal of Information Management,31(4), pp.374-384. Chkanikova, O. and Mont, O., 2015. Corporate supply chain responsibility: drivers and barriers for sustainable food retailing.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,22(2), pp.65-82. Christopher, M., 2016.Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Cusumano, M., 2010. Cloud computing and SaaS as new computing platforms.Communications of the ACM,53(4), pp.27-29. Fernie, J. and Sparks, L., 2014.Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan page publishers. Lee, I. and Lee, B.C., 2010. An investment evaluation of supply chain RFID technologies: A normative modeling approach.International Journal of Production Economics,125(2), pp.313-323. Lee, J., Gereffi, G. and Beauvais, J., 2012. Global value chains and agrifood standards: Challenges and possibilities for smallholders in developing countries.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,109(31), pp.12326-12331. Li, P. and Jialing, L., 2011.Supply chain management. InTech. Liu, H., Ke, W., Wei, K.K. and Hua, Z., 2013. The impact of IT capabilities on firm performance: The mediating roles of absorptive capacity and supply chain agility.Decision Support Systems,54(3), pp.1452-1462. McCormick, H. and Livett, C., 2012. Analysing the influence of the presentation of fashion garments on young consumers online behaviour.Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal,16(1), pp.21-41. Papakiriakopoulos, D. and Pramatari, K., 2010. Collaborative performance measurement in supply chain.Industrial Management Data Systems,110(9), pp.1297-1318. Ross, D.F., 2013.Competing through supply chain management: creating market-winning strategies through supply chain partnerships. Springer Science Business Media. Rushton, A., Croucher, P. and Baker, P., 2014.The handbook of logistics and distribution management: Understanding the supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Sarac, A., Absi, N. and Dauzre-Prs, S., 2010. A literature review on the impact of RFID technologies on supply chain management.Intern Sarkis, J., Zhu, Q. and Lai, K.H., 2011. An organizational theoretic review of green supply chain management literature.International Journal of Production Economics,130(1), pp.1-15. Stadtler, H., 2015. Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning(pp. 3-28). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Tangpong, C., Hung, K.T. and Ro, Y.K., 2010. The interaction effect of relational norms and agent cooperativeness on opportunism in buyersupplier relationships.Journal of Operations Management,28(5), pp.398-414. Vermesan, O. and Friess, P. eds., 2014.Internet of things-from research and innovation to market deployment(Vol. 29). Aalborg: River Publishers. Zhang, J., Farris, P.W., Irvin, J.W., Kushwaha, T., Steenburgh, T.J. and Weitz, B.A., 2010. Crafting integrated multichannel retailing strategies.Journal of Interactive Marketing,24(2), pp.168-180.

Law Enforcement Agencies free essay sample

Local law enforcement is made up of a city police department, a sheriffs department, and some small town police departments. The local city police have the lob of patrolling the streets for law violators, traffic violations, criminal Investigations, and also providing crowd control. Most counties have a sheriffs department that can handle its crimes. The sheriffs department has the responsibility of handling the local Jails; they are bailiffs in the local court rooms, they are coroners, as well as law enforcement officers.They can patrol neighborhoods along side the local law enforcement as well. Small town officers have the same responsibilities as the bigger town and city departments but with fewer officers. The downside Is those are sometimes the places with the highest drug offenders because of the lack of officers to enforce such large areas. State officers are mostly highway patrol officers and some states have a separate state bureau of Investigations. We will write a custom essay sample on Law Enforcement Agencies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The highway patrol enforces the laws on the states highways with traffic violations and any other crimes that find their way into those highways.They can also provide patrols for small owns. The state bureaus assist any local departments that need the help for their crimes. The differences between the two are that they handle specific crimes and areas. The state police have a wider range of areas they patrol while local law enforcement has to enforce the law within the city limits. Some of the federal law enforcement agencies include the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Their responsibilities include fingerprint examinations, crime lab analysis, and assisting local law enforcement if asked.The FBI is not a national police Orca but they do assist in capturing criminals and have different divisions in most major cities. The Drug Enforcement Administration is also a federal agency. Their role in law enforcement is to capture drug dealers. They can conduct surveillance operations, go undercover in a drug ring, and arrest major narcotic dealers. The DEAD is responsible for eliminating a majority of the drug problem in the United States. The Department of homeland Security was established after the terrorist attacks of September 1 1, 2001.This department merged 22 agencies that were once separate room each other. The DASH major role is to protect the country from further terrorist acts. They are responsible for protecting the borders and allowing people Into the country. They have officers that conduct inspections at borders and ports of entry to the united States. They have the Coast guard that patrol thousands of miles of sea to prevent Illegal immigrants from entering the shores of America. Law Enforcement Agencies By gamble job of patrolling the streets for law violators, traffic violations, criminal investigations, and also providing crowd control.Most counties have a sheriffs department that can enforcement officers. They can patrol neighborhoods along side the local law town and city departments but with fewer officers. The downside is those are some states have a separate state bureau of investigations. The highway patrol acts. They are responsible for protecting the borders and allowing people into the country. They have officers that conduct inspections at borders and ports of entry to the United States. They have the Coast guard that patrol thousands of miles of sea to prevent illegal immigrants from entering the shores of America.

Free Essays on Assisted Suicide

Assisted Suicide Thesis: We do not have the freedom of speech unless we have the freedom to refuse to speak. And we do not have the freedom of religion unless we have the freedom to not be religious. So then how do we have the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness unless we have the freedom to deny any of these? â€Å"Our Life Is Not Our Own If We Cannot Choose When To End It!† Euthanasia: the final analysis in America today many arguments are centered around the right to choose: the right for women to have and abortion, the right for gays to be allowed to raise children or to be legally married, and the right to physician assisted suicide. ( ) These arguments all have something to do with the individual having the right to make this choice, but what if they are unable to make this choice? Say for instance, a man was hit by an oncoming truck, and is being held alive by a machine, what will happen to him? Who will make the decision for him to live or to die? In most case’s it will be the physician. Well you may ask yourself why cant we choose, that is to die? If a person is terminally ill and has a quality of life so low that they do not have the will to go on, ( ) they are not given a choice. Why then are those people not allowed to seek out a painless alternative in their situation? ( ) Though it is illegal many seek out p hysician assisted suicide ( ) or assisted suicide. Most memorable are those involving Dr. Kevorkian. Known as â€Å"Dr. Death† as some headlines read, Dr. Kevorkian has become famous for his many assisted suicides and his suicide machine. ( ) This all may sound fine and dandy, but not everyone agrees with it. Many religions contend and advise against a person seeking suicide of any kind. ( ) In religious views, life is a gift from god and one not to be thrown away or wasted. ( ) It is viewed that by committing suicide of any kind we are di... Free Essays on Assisted Suicide Free Essays on Assisted Suicide Assisted suicide, also called euthanasia (originated from the Greek, eu, meaning â€Å"good, and thanatos, meaning â€Å"death†)( No Author, http:// www.religious tolerance.org), is the act of assisting a person who wants to die. That person may want to die for a multitude of reasons, be it because of a terminal illness, extreme pain and suffering, or because of an illness that will leave the person with some extremely diminished capacity. This topic has become one of great controversy as of late, with the prevalence of the HIV virus, the virus that causes AIDS, as well as the increase of debilitating diseases like Parkinson’s Disease and Alzheimer’s Disease. This paper will touch on many points of the issue of euthanasia, as well as a defender of it. At the end of this paper, it will be plain to see by any open-minded individual that euthanasia should be legal. There are several forms of euthanasia. First, there is voluntary (or active) euthanasia. This means that a competent person makes a voluntary request, without changing their mind, to be helped to die. A popular example of voluntary euthanasia was the assisted killing of a patient with ALS by Dr. Jack Kevorkian in 1998. Dr. Kevorkian’s patient was terrified of the advancing illness, and of dying a painful and horrible death in the near future. The patient had Dr. Kevorkian inject him with a series of controlled substances, which caused the patient’s death ( No Author, religioustolerance.org). There is also non-voluntary (or passive) euthanasia, in which case the patient is not able to express the wish, either by incompetence or the incapacity to do so. This is usually fairly simple, such as removing life support, stopping emergency medical procedures, not feeding the patient, causing death, or not delivering CPR when the patient has stopped breathing or the heart has stopped. The third type is involuntary euthanasia. This is when a competent patient is allowe... Free Essays on Assisted Suicide Physician assisted suicide presents one of the greatest dilemmas to the medical profession. Should someone who is mentally competent, but deemed terminally ill, be allowed to engage in physician-assisted suicide? According to the First Amendment of The Constitution of The United States, one has the freedom to petition the government for a redress of grievances. The Fourteenth Amendment states, The State cannot deprive any person of life, liberty or property, without due process of law; nor deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. The group believes that a terminally ill patient has the Constitutional right to decide whether or not to end his or her life with the help of a licensed medical doctor. There have been many cases over the years where a terminally ill patient who is mentally competent has made the choice to either partake in physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia. Physician-assisted suicide occurs when the physician provides the patient with the means and/or knowledge to commit suicide(Death and Dying,91). Euthanasia is when the physician administers the death causing drug or agent(Death and Dying,92). The most recent case is that of The State of Florida v. Charles Hall. Charles Hall is dying of AIDS and challenged the State of Florida to let him die by a self-administered lethal injection without fear of prosecution(rights.org/ deathnet/open.html). On January 31, 1997, a Judge ruled that Charles Hall could take his own life with the aid of a doctor. Senior Judge S. Joseph Davis, brought in from Seminole County, found that Florida’s strict privacy law and the equal protection clause in the U.S. Constitution entitled Hall, 35, and Dr. McIver to carry out an assisted death without fear of prosecution (Sun-Sentinel, 1A). On February 11, 1997, Charles Hall’s ruling was overturned by the Florida Supreme Court: he no longer has the rig ht to end his own life. He will have to wait unti... Free Essays on Assisted Suicide Assisted Suicide Thesis: We do not have the freedom of speech unless we have the freedom to refuse to speak. And we do not have the freedom of religion unless we have the freedom to not be religious. So then how do we have the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness unless we have the freedom to deny any of these? â€Å"Our Life Is Not Our Own If We Cannot Choose When To End It!† Euthanasia: the final analysis in America today many arguments are centered around the right to choose: the right for women to have and abortion, the right for gays to be allowed to raise children or to be legally married, and the right to physician assisted suicide. ( ) These arguments all have something to do with the individual having the right to make this choice, but what if they are unable to make this choice? Say for instance, a man was hit by an oncoming truck, and is being held alive by a machine, what will happen to him? Who will make the decision for him to live or to die? In most case’s it will be the physician. Well you may ask yourself why cant we choose, that is to die? If a person is terminally ill and has a quality of life so low that they do not have the will to go on, ( ) they are not given a choice. Why then are those people not allowed to seek out a painless alternative in their situation? ( ) Though it is illegal many seek out p hysician assisted suicide ( ) or assisted suicide. Most memorable are those involving Dr. Kevorkian. Known as â€Å"Dr. Death† as some headlines read, Dr. Kevorkian has become famous for his many assisted suicides and his suicide machine. ( ) This all may sound fine and dandy, but not everyone agrees with it. Many religions contend and advise against a person seeking suicide of any kind. ( ) In religious views, life is a gift from god and one not to be thrown away or wasted. ( ) It is viewed that by committing suicide of any kind we are di...

The Deep State Theory, Defined and Explained

The Deep State Theory, Defined and Explained The seed for many tantalizing conspiracy theories, the term â€Å"deep state† in the United States implies the existence of a premeditated effort by certain federal government employees or other persons to secretly manipulate or control the government without regard for the policies of Congress or the President of the United States. Origin and History of the Deep State The concept of a deep state - also called a â€Å"state within a state† or a â€Å"shadow government† – was first used in reference to political conditions in countries like Turkey and post-Soviet Russia. During the 1950s, an influential anti-democratic coalition within the Turkish political system called the â€Å"derin devlet† – literally the â€Å"deep state† - allegedly dedicated itself to ousting communists from the new Turkish Republic founded by Mustafa Ataturk after World War I. Made up of elements within the Turkish military, security, and judiciary branches, the derin devlet worked to turn the Turkish people against its enemies by staging â€Å"false flag† attacks and planned riots. Ultimately, the derin devlet was blamed for the deaths of thousands of people. In the 1970s, former high-ranking officials of the Soviet Union, after defecting to the West, publically stated that the Soviet political police – the KGB – had operated as a deep state secretly attempting to control the Communist Party and ultimately, the Soviet government. In a 2006 symposium, Ion Mihai Pacepa, a former general in the Communist Romania secret police who defected to the United States in 1978, stated, In the Soviet Union, the KGB was a state within a state.† Pacepa went on to claim, â€Å"Now former KGB officers are running the state. They have custody of the country’s 6,000 nuclear weapons, entrusted to the KGB in the 1950s, and they now also manage the strategic oil industry renationalized by Putin.† The Deep State Theory in the United States In 2014, former congressional aide Mike Lofgren alleged the existence of a different type of deep state operating within the United States government in his essay titled â€Å"Anatomy of the Deep State.† Instead of a group comprised exclusively of government entities, Lofgren calls the deep state in the United States â€Å"a hybrid association of elements of government and parts of top-level finance and industry that is effectively able to govern the United States without reference to the consent of the governed as expressed through the formal political process.† The Deep State, wrote Lofgren, is not â€Å"a secret, conspiratorial cabal; the state within a state is hiding mostly in plain sight, and its operators mainly act in the light of day. It is not a tight-knit group and has no clear objective. Rather, it is a sprawling network, stretching across the government and into the private sector.† In some ways, Lofgren’s description of a deep state in the United States echoes parts of President Dwight Eisenhower’s 1961 farewell address, in which he warned future presidents to â€Å"guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex.† President Trump Alleges a Deep State Opposes Him Following the tumultuous 2016 presidential election, President Donald Trump and his supporters suggested that certain unnamed executive branch officials and intelligence officers were secretly operating as a deep state to block his policies and legislative agenda by leaking information considered critical of him. President Trump, White House Chief Strategist Steve Bannon, along with ultra-conservative news outlets like Breitbart News claimed that Former President Obama was orchestrating a deep state attack against the Trump administration. The allegation apparently grew out of Trump’s unsubstantiated claim that Obama had ordered the wiretapping of his telephone during the 2016 election campaign. Current and former intelligence officials remain divided on the question of the existence of a deep state secretly working to derail the Trump administration.   In a June 5, 2017 article published in The Hill Magazine, retired veteran CIA field operations agent Gene Coyle stated that while he doubted the existence of â€Å"hordes of government officials† operating as an anti-Trump deep state, he did believe the Trump administration was justified in complaining about the number of leaks being reported by news organizations. â€Å"If you are that appalled at the actions of an administration, you should quit, hold a press conference and publicly state your objections,† said Coyle. â€Å"You can’t run an executive branch if more and more people think, ‘I don’t like the policies of this president, therefore I will leak information to make him look bad.’† Other intelligence experts argued that individuals or small groups of individuals leaking information critical of a presidential administration lack the organizational coordination and depth of deep states such as those that existed in Turkey or the former Soviet Union. The Arrest of Reality Winner   On June 3, 2017, a third-party contractor working for the National Security Agency (NSA) was arrested on charges of violating the Espionage Act by leaking a top-secret document related to the possible involvement of the Russian government in the 2016 U.S. presidential election to an unnamed news organization. When questioned by the FBI on June 10, 2017, the woman, 25-year-old Reality Leigh Winner, â€Å"admitted intentionally identifying and printing the classified intelligence reporting at issue despite not having a ‘need to know,’ and with the knowledge that the intelligence report was classified,† according to the FBI affidavit. According to the Justice Department, Winner â€Å"further acknowledged that she was aware of the contents of the intelligence reporting and that she knew the contents of the reporting could be used to the injury of the United States and to the advantage of a foreign nation.† The arrest of Winner represented the first confirmed case of an attempt by a current government employee to discredit the Trump administration. As a result, many conservatives have been quick to use the case to bolster their arguments of a so-called deep state within the United States government. While its true that Winner had publicly expressed anti-Trump sentiments both to co-workers and on social media, her actions in no way prove the existence of an organized deep state effort to discredit the Trump administration.

2010 health care reform law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

2010 health care reform law - Essay Example Without being included in the exception, an individual that must be under coverage and remains without health insurance, faces the fine of $95 per adult and $47.50 per child (up to $285 per family) or 1.0% of the family income, whichever is greater† for this year and the fine increases annually (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2014). This reiterates that information must be further disseminated and the need to encourage individual participation. The cooperation of employers is also an important aspect in the success of the program. They must be re-oriented of the policies contained in the law to aid them in choosing the best health insurance policy to implement. The dilemma of small employers and of those self-employed in higher income brackets who often wish to ignore it due to the financial burden it inflicts must be addressed. The tax credit system and the exchanges, federal or not, provide for choices that should keep them on track (Klein, 2012). Kaiser Family Foundation. (2014). The requirement to buy coverage under the Affordable Care Act. Retrieved from http://kff.org/infographic/the-requirement-to-buy-coverage-under-the-affordable-care-act/ Klein, K.E. (2012, Oct. 4). What Obamacare means for small employers in 2013. Businessweek. Retrieved from

Environmental Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Environmental Issues - Essay Example Roberts who believes that the hazards of DDT are misrepresented by the activists while in fact it proves to have saved the lives of many. Three Main areas of Disagreement between Anne Platt McGinn and Donald R. Roberts are as follows - McGinn states that the toxic DDT should only be used in an emergency to treat diseases while more environmentally friendly methods such as bed-nets, anti-malarial drugs, improving living conditions and eradication of insect breeding sites should be used. Roberts claims that the steps to eradicate Malaria by proper drains and larviciding only happen in principal cities, while the mainly affected rural areas remain vulnerable. McGinn claims that insects became resistant to DDT when ingested while Roberts claims that DDT acts only as a repellant. McGinn says ‘In order to control a disease, why should we poison our soils, our waters and ourselves?’ (Pg.289) Donald reacts by stating Science Magazine that species did not go extinct and DDT level s had declined after its use was stopped. DDT only reaches a concentration in water of 1.2 parts per billion, so the claim that it causes the death of algae is false. Birds and sea lions have not declined due to DDT as claimed, while in reality statistics have proven their increase during the use of DDT. c) After a lot of research done on the subject, I comply with the Donald’s ideology and therefore prefer the use of DDT to save humans because all other claims against DDT have no solid proof of its dangers. ISSUE 17 – Environmental Hormone Mimics a) Environmental Hormone Mimics are ‘Xenobiotic’ chemicals that have been found to mimic or disrupt the reproductive hormones such as estrogen. These chemicals are known to alter the reproduction of wildlife along with creating severe health problems like cancer in humans. The controversy is whether these claims are true or are magnified falsifications. b) According to Professor of Biological Sciences, Michele Tr ankina, ‘hormone mimics’ disrupt ‘everything from fish gender to human fertility’ (World & I Journal, 2001) (Easton, 2011, Pg.319) while Michael Gough, a biologist argues that these claims are only supported by â€Å"junk science†. (Endocrine Disrupters,Politics,Pesticides, the Cost of Food and Health, " , 1997) Michele Trankina states that there has been a radical decrease in ‘sperm count’, an increase in testicular cancer and defective genetalia in men due to this. Gough states that these claims ‘fell apart’ when scientists found large geographical variations in sperm counts that did not change over time. Trankina points out to the increase in breast cancer in women as a result of exposure to the hormone mimics, while Michael Gough dismisses these claims by stating that there was no proven evidence to any of these claims even though many researches had been carried out. Puberty in girls has decreased from the age 12 and 13 to 7 years of age due to exposure to xenoestrogens in water, food, creams and plastics according to Trankina. But Gough states that results of the Tulane paper researched by Dr. McLachlan himself on the toxicity levels of pesticides came back as negative. c) Due to lack of evidence and proof on the role of hormone mimics in the environment, I support Gough’

Psychological Impact of Socio-Political Factors Essay Example for Free

Psychological Impact of Socio-Political Factors Essay A society is composed of distinct cultures which identifies itself from others. The cultures of societies are distinct and peoples lives are usually patterned from prevalent traditions, practices and beliefs within that culture. Culture could be held responsible in the upbringing of an individual. People continuously conform on the dynamic culture of the society as they adhere on the norms, practices and values. Culture is an ever-changing feature of a society and incessantly develops and redefines attributes based on lifestyles and conditions. It is influenced by various factors that create sustained tight cultures. This will further result on the variations in cultures of a global society. We attribute cultural differences in its historical and ecological context. Socio- political factors also influenced our culture. These factors influence psychological appendages of an individual. As world trade and globalization are greatly emphasized, interaction across culture is increased and cultural diversity becomes a hindrance to fully achieve its objectives. Socio-political factors are in many forms and are inherently embedded in culture. These factors play significant role in molding the identity of a particular society. Socio-political factors are founded based on our beliefs and values and our behavioral tendencies and they were accustomed in our daily lives (Schneider, 2004). Stereotyping There were so many social groups in every country and it makes that particular nation a diverse geographic area. We could easily picture a collage of the various social groups but we could fail to include the real identities and configurations of these social groups (Stangor Schaller, 1996). We may generate a statement on the perception of the characteristics and utilized it to describe the whole group. For example, Germans are hot-tempered and African Americans are rowdy. This process of thought depicts the conventional definition of stereotypes in social psychology, in which stereotypes are regarded as the main picture portraying the totality or the representation of a particular group of individuals. Stereotyping could also exist in the minds of the persons who are being stereotyped (Stangor Schaller, 1996). Stereotyping is a type of socio-political factor where we categorized people based on our beliefs. Perception plays a large part in the social context. Stereotyping is how we perceive people as established by a particular circumstance. In the course of time, stereotypes are considered synonymous to certain constructs that is ordained in the study of stereotypes. Stereotypes are considered as products of categorization, labels, schemas- these constructs tend to overlap each other for they were closely related (Schneider, 2004). Stereotypes is a result of our behavior towards others, it also affect our behavioral patterns toward different kinds of people. There is a substantial participation of group members in fostering stereotyping in people. Shared experiences suggested that stereotypes grew impliedly when members of a particular group perceived a certain category on the other group of individuals (Schneider, 2004). We think in-groups and out-groups as natural phenomena and we perceive them differently. Categorization of groups evolved into stereotyping. Stereotyping could render negative implications, this includes depriving opportunities to the persons being stereotyped based solely on the biased belief of the one assessing them. Stereotyping could be an individual problem and shall consider that it is not a shared knowledge, but when the perception was common in all members of the community; its effects become more noxious because it affects the whole society in the same way (Stangor Schaller, 1996). Stereotyping, therefore, could be looked at two perspectives. It could exist in the persons mind, as representations of a persons beliefs and values. It could also be viewed as a piece of societys social fabric, a part of a larger scale of commonly shared perception of social groups (Stangor Schaller, 1996). It becomes a question if the existence of social reality is individualized or dwell as a shared understanding. The particular distinction between the two lies mainly in the assumed relevance of this common knowledge and its importance and impacts on the lives of each individual within the social group (Stangor Schaller, 1996). Racism Stereotyping could evolve into other socio-political factors that may render detrimental effects. Racism can be widely utilized in everyday life. The concept of racism is negatively burdened, injected with political and moral descriptions. Therefore, claiming someone to be a racist is considered as inappropriate and even immoral. The definition is inclined for connoting political abuse. The definition also offers significance in the field of academics and raise political and moral argumentation (Miles Brown, 2003). Racism is the generalized body of information, real or imaginary, pertaining to a person or group of individual that render benefits or gain on the racist and expense on the one being judged (Memmi et al. , 1999). Racism is the mistreatment of people based on their race. We all belong in a particular race, human race. This resulted from the inequality in the social structures and configurations. It is also a product of inequitable and unequal stratification of economic, political and social means (Sherover-Marcuse, 2000). Racism is defined improperly. There is no established definition for racism, if we would think philosophically, if racism is defined as morally and politically undesirable. There must be a shared understanding on why it is unacceptable. the definition could not established a concrete criteria on whether an account is racist or not. Utilizing the existing definition, we could be all racists. If the broad definition will be adhered, then it impliedly says that American people are all racists (Miles Brown, 2003). Sometimes the description on the person being discriminated is inaccurate and they were being judged based on their color and cultural identity. Thus, it result to social empowerment of the racists and the judgments were passed into concurrent society that affects everyone (Sherover-Marcuse, 2000). Sexism Another socio-political factor that becomes a major dilemma in the society is the concept of sexism. Sexism directs us in the delving into gender studies, but it is a critical issue for it deals with a lot of aspects of gender inequality. Sexism is the inherent belief of the superiority of a particular sex over the other and therefore claims the right to be dominant in society (Curry, 1995). This will lead us in perceiving that in conventional society male is dominant over the female specie. This is evident in our history books and even in the holy scriptures of religions. Most of the messages were addressed to males. The dominance of males connotes the inferiority of females and the deprivation of prerogatives and rights enjoyed by the other sex. Many uprisings of the women sectors have been accounted in history in attempt in obtaining liberation and equality in treatment and opportunities. For example, the acquisition of suffrage is a pivotal event in womens history and the ability to participate in major economic and political activity was celebrated by women in the society. Although there are claims that sexism no longer exists in our society. We could say that it is impliedly manifested through various of means. There were still claims in mistreatment in the workplace and females were not given equal opportunities. Mass media greatly contributes in reinforcing the concept of sexism through the portrayals of women in ads and programs depicting the traditional concept of women as inferior, weak, dependent and as home providers. There is a lack of portrayal of the emerging female specie- dynamic, strong and nurturing. Psychological Impact These socio-political factors have an undeniable psychological impact to a culturally diverse individual. Each person was raised in a society with inherent culture established that distinguished the group of individuals to other group of individuals. Every one of us is composed of layers of cultural learning ascribed or acquired that make up the totality of our individuality. These layers of cultural teachings were acquired through various influences. Every individual was shaped ethnicity, race, religion, education, profession, organization and parents. These attributes are the primary factors that affect the formation of the individuality of a person. Ones gender, peers, family and origin are also vital in redefining the ones cultural identity (Gardenswartz Rowe, 1998). Because we acquired our cultural teachings in different sources we are programmed differently and were reared heterogeneously. Therefore our individual differences make us culturally diverse. The socio-political factors aforementioned could be well-explained and examined under the specific branch of psychology- Evolutionary Psychology. This new branch of psychology is focused on establishing explanations on mental and psychological traits of individuals. There is a growing symbiotic and significant relationship between environmental and social psychology. Evolutionary theory is slowly infiltrate social psychology researchers. Evolutionary psychology examines new frontiers with specialty, like the socio-political factors mentioned above (Perilloux Webster, 2008). It was argued that these factors shaped a persons psychological mechanisms. It was stated that the concept of self do not exist but it was layers of psychological mechanisms (Perilloux Webster, 2008). These socio-political factors discussed above are somehow interconnected with each other. Stereotyping could render significant psychological impacts in the upbringing of an individual. They may obtain wrong information about persons they stereotyped. For stereotypical roles, though shared by a lot of people could not be regarded as true. Stereotyping will reflect implicit behavioral comments like that there are roles more appropriate for men and women. This will create a general perception that some roles are only intended for a particular sex and that the other could not offer strong decisions and capabilities in participating in these certain fields (Swim et al. , 2001). This also indicates that men are better in male-dominated fields (Swim et al. , 2001). Due to the stereotypical roles and attributes being tagged to persons, they were undermined of their capabilities and capacities. It will also say that women are inferior and passive (Swim et al. , 2001), which is untrue about women nowadays. More women are participating in the fields dominated by male before and show exemplary performance in doing tasks. But the greatest implication would be an animosity for women (Swim et al. , 2001). Because of stereotyping, people will create an attitude towards the stereotyped individual.

Motivational Theories :: essays research papers

At the Squishy Tushy Designer Diaper Company, our motto is â€Å"Fashion isn’t just for big people anymore† We carry the latest designs in disposable diaper fashion. Our diapers make a statement with a variety of stylish colors and fashionable fits. We carry low rise, tight fit, hip hugger and our best selling baggy fit. These days we understand that fashion can change in a second and we want you to be prepared. When you show up to that play date and see that you are out of fashion, simply use our patented quick release system to rip that diaper off and throw on the latest design. And for those long trips our five gallon capacity model is guaranteed to get you there. Our organization understands the importance of efficiency and teamwork. We recently hired a corporate psychologist that has infiltrated our departments one by one and returned with suggestions. Each group of employees was examined for ways that the company could motivate them to be more efficient and productive. We will discuss the theories that we feel apply to each department and explain why we think we have a plan for success. We have formulated our plan for the sales team based upon Victor Vroom’s expectancy theory. In his theory, there are a few key factors to achieve our desirable out come. He believes a person is motivated to a degree in which he or she believes with effort they can achieve their performance. This is known as the expectancy factor of the theory. Then if they will achieve this level of performance, they will be rewarded. This factor of the theory is called, Motivational Theories 3 Instrumentality. Finally, in the theory the value of the reward must meet the needs and expectation of the individual. Valence is the value attached to this reward. The task that we have assigned to our trained, talented sales team is to promote the designer diaper not just to the local grocery stores but to department stores such as baby gap. They will call and find locations where they can promote our designer diaper. Our sales team will constantly find new vendors to sell our product. They will also establish and maintain relationships with the vendors to ensure quality customer service is given. They will handle all complaints and give quick and easy solutions to these issues. They will visit various store to  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   enhance our display of the designer diapers.

Managing Diversity in South Africa Essay

Introduction In the workplace, diversity in terms of ethnicity, locality, education and skills, age, and gender exist. Managers or employers therefore require innovative ideas to successfully manage employees in the workplace. Diversity management is a relatively new field in the South African business environment. Managing employees and the work environment involves different aspects and is influenced by the internal environment such as in the mission, vision and goals of the organisation as well as the external environment. These aspects include areas where diversity management is important. Managers have various roles to carry out in an organisation in order to provide effective management and deal with the ethical issues. Factors such as changing structures and polices, providing diversity skills training, creating cross functional teams and employee network groups, building relationships, and providing complete managerial support are all factors that contribute towards effective diversity management. A successful diversity management approach must be more accommodating and more capable of promoting the diversity within an organization to bring everyone together and generate effective participation. This means that employees should be regarded as an organized whole that brings meaningful contributions from their social, political, economic, and geographical experiences. 2. Diversity Diversity can be defined as all the ways people differ, that is the different influences to approaching the workplace, communication between employees, satisfaction achieved from performance and identification in the workplace (Daft, Kendrick, & Vershinina, 2010). It is a commitment to distinguishing and appreciating the range of characteristics that make individuals unique in an atmosphere that supports and celebrates individual and collective achievement (Tennessee, 2003). Diversity â€Å"represents the multitude of individual differences and similarities that exist among people (Kreitner, 2001). According to Erasmus, diversity applies to all employees and does not only encompass certain differences but rather the entire spectrum of individual differences that make people unique. Therefore diversity cannot be viewed as only racial or religious differentiation but s all differences combined. The notion of diversity describes differences among people as well as similarities. The discipline of managing diversity requires that these two aspects are managed simultaneously. He further suggests that managers are expected to integrate the collective mixture of similarities and differences between workers into the organisation (Erasmus, 2007). Diver sity is more than being politically correct; it is about nurturing a culture that values individuals and their wide assortment of needs and contributions Diversity management is a moderately new field in the South African business environment. Diversity management is ensuring that the necessary factors are in place to provide for and to encourage the continuous development of diversity in the workplace, by incorporating actual and perceived differences to achieve the utmost efficiency (Bandyopadhyay, Hazra, & Goswami, 2007). Diversity management can also be defined as the commitment on the part of the organisations to recruit, retain, reward and promote a heterogeneous mix of productive, motivated and committed workers, including people of colour, whites, females and the disabled (Inancevich & Gilbert, 2000). The two areas where diversity management are particularly important include: * Workplace diversity. * Global diversity. Workplace diversity refers to the array of distinctions between people in an organisation. Some of the benefits of implementing workplace diversity are; increased adaptability which supplies a variety of solutions to problems in service, sourcing, and allocation of resources, various opinions which include ideas and experiences, and effectiveness in terms of employee performance to attain goals (Greenberg, 2005). Furthermore, enhanced use of employee capacity is encouraged. This involves competitive advantage over other organisations along with prospects and development of employees for retention purposes. Diversity initiatives retain a competitive advantage by improving employee confidence, decreasing interpersonal conflict, facilitating development in new markets and increasing creativity. It also includes the understanding of the marketplace in terms of the changing needs of consumers. Building workplace diversity will also result in the improved extent of understanding in leadership positions that encompasses a variety of skills. Better quality of team problem solving to bring in different perspectives resulting in creativity of ideas and solutions and lastly reduction of costs induce lower turnover, absenteeism and lawsuits (Daft, Kendrick, & Vershinina, 2010). Global diversity is more than just demographical factors (such as age, race, gender, ethnicity, disability and sexual orientation), it is about thinking, leadership, skills and style which integrates peoples differences to achieve all the goals planned and is acceptable universally, that is by breaking though barriers through globalisation (Dell, 2011). Globalisation refers to standardisation of products plan and marketing strategy throughout the world by assuming a homogeneous global market of consumers and industrial products (Daft, Kendrick, & Vershinina, 2010). A benefit of global diversity is broader services through customer satisfaction and product availability. By managing diversity, managers access a range of skills which the organisation has never had before and thus a broader array of individual strengths, experiences and perspectives. There is also a wider legitimacy and organisational image across a wider audience. Managers however should realise that managing diversity is fairly tough and cannot be implemented immediately. It is instead a long-term strategy in order to correct the imbalances in the workplace. 3. Mission, Vision and Goals A mission is defined as the organisations’ reason for existence. A mission statement is a broadly stated definition of the purpose of the company. Well designed mission statements can enhance employee motivation and organisational performance.

Males and Females in Peter Greenaways Films Essay

The following paper gives an overview of the movies of Peter Greenaway along with how he portrays women and men his films. The paper would be based on the roles of men and women in his three movies, drowning by numbers, the belly of an architect and the Draughtsman’s contract. One common aspect that would be discussed in his movies is that the men are usually thought of as victims and the women are presented as the true artistic creators. His Movies: Drowning by Numbers: In opposition to the background of the autumnal Suffolk seashore, three generations of women, each one given the name of Cissie Colpitts, assassinate their not good enough husbands by obscuring them in a bathtub, in the ocean, and in a swimming pool, correspondingly. In arrival for assurance for sexual favoritism, which the women at the end of the day refuse to give, the neighboring coroner, Henry Madgett (Hill), comes in agreement to endorse the casualties as unintentional, even though a minute but steadily-growing swarm of eyewitnesses and associations put stress on him to acquaint with the reality. His juvenile son, Smut, who is preoccupied with casualty and brings together animal and insect dead bodies, furthermore he considers his father must appear spotless. Factual to Madgett’s and the movies fascination with games, he places up a tug-of-war from corner to corner of a waterway to come to a decision to the problem, where he and Smut connect to Cissie in opposition to their hecklers. Greenaway is an often-infuriating, one-of-a-kind filmmaker who repeatedly experiments the staying power of his spectators. A lot of experience it as not significant as the attempt to shape out his difficult to understand games, let unaccompanied their implication, exclusive of a quantity of kinky sex or run through to disappear the procedures. Drowning by Numbers provides up ample of this: a circumcision by clippers, a repeated repulsion for provisions and flesh, and various near-sickening views of decompose and pests. Still, as if paying no attention to the filmmaker’s mysterious propensities, the presentations are ironic, cynical, sardonic and over and over again blackly humorous, and each and every framework is crammed with detail and magnificence. Here was an unprincipled anecdote enlightened ethically, with a tough feminist implication—approximately all of the male characters breathe their last breath by means of the unconquerable Cissies’ scheme shimmering, as Greenaway himself has acknowledged that the superior do not obtain content and happiness, and the depraved are infrequently rebuked, and the above suspicion are for all time badly treated. Drowning by Numbers is typically concerning numbers and the means they are employed to systematize the games individuals take part in. Despite the fact that the greater part of the human relations of whichever significance is determined by unstructured requirements, we use up a large amount of our lives demanding to offer them shape. We look for examples and successions, and enjoyment in the psychosomatic language that comes into view to give explanation. We search for regulations and unavoidability, and identify relations as the competition in which people occupy themselves for the reason that these games have both, happiness and contention. Drowning by Numbers is crammed with games: those men engage in recreation with women, women with men, and jump rope, cricket, and some games out of Greenaway’s tremendous sleight of hand. For the most part continuous game is the one Greenaway plays with the spectator. The motion picture starts with a small woman hopping rope as she count from one to one hundred (Peter Greenaway, 100). The Bell of an Architect: In Belly of an Architect, Brian Dennehy plays the central character who considers the main beliefs of structural design will regulate the humankind. He struggles the backstabbing of dishonest classmates and environment’s attrition of both construction and body. Sooner than the film ends, he loses his architectural assignment and is lost to stomach cancer. The screen in Belly is beleaguered with scaffolding, drop fabrics, plaster, powder, and huge degeneration hallways and corridors seeping out with water and sludge, which Greenaway challenges to put together into well-designed symmetries much as his hero attempts to protect the architectural classicisms he stumbles on to be so comforting. Again, the ordering organization contained by the film surrounds it. An immature artiste is constricted to implement twelve illustrations of a sumptuous countryside residence in 17th century England. Drawn into an affectionate and passionate association with the two conniving ladies of the residence he outlines and fabricates illustrated indications of the assassination. He almost immediately discovers himself trapped in the rumble ferociousness of the over sophisticated spirits of the landed upper classes. As all the times, Peter Greenaway provides beautiful and stunning masterpieces that contemplate on the artist’s infatuation for order and the oppression of organizations—whether communal or artistic. This untimely Greenaway effort observes unfaithfulness and substantial weakening, all in the perspective of a demanding occupational existence. The cuckold is a renowned American designer, Stourley Kracklite, who goes to Rome to place on a demonstration in reminiscence of his male protagonist, the 18th century farsighted draftsman, Etiene Louis Boullee. Kracklite fails to remember the current to respect the ancient times, but at what cost? He pays no attention to his pregnant wife who searches for soothe in the arms of Kracklite’s opponent. He furthermore takes no notice of his physical condition and is influenced that his stomach’s throbbing are the consequences of his wife’s efforts to exterminate him. The punishment for such fascination is the failure of his presentation— the extraordinarily obsession he gave up all other elements of his life to accomplish (Peter Greenaway, 105). The Belly of an Architect is a visual extravagance, approximately deference to the techniques and fashions of Rome’s structural designs, judged with skill, ability, proficiency and crammed with impenetrable and mysterious shades. The Draughtsman’s Contract: Greenaway’s foremost profit-making element, The Draughtsman’s Contract, is the chronicle of a draughtsman who in 1694 is specially made by the woman of an enormous residence to do twelve depictions of her property. At the opening it gives the impression that he’s to a certain extent in command of his lady and background, receiving them together down anywhere he desires them, till his meticulousness does him in. By painstakingly drafting the manor house and foundation, he unintentionally duplicates indications to an assassination. As expected, its perpetrators don’t desire him in the region. The methodical little draughtsman fall’s a victim not to environment’s impulse but to man’s ravenousness and violent behavior (Peter Greenaway, 45). The twelve drawings are at one time the evidences to the massacres and the arrangements of the motion picture. From then on, all noteworthy objects in the motion picture are revolving around the paintings that hold the clues and all the film’s action—the drawings and the assassinations—must be accomplished by the time movies reaches to its end. This is systematic Greenaway. Human games and their dependence on ritualistic traditions are both the area under discussion of the draughtsman’s contract and its form. As the characters get involve within the findings of the clues and murderer with each other, it brings in the the chaos of passion. Greenaway assembles his schemes and positions according to the murder and clues. The Draughtsman’s Contract is thrice regarding commanding order on disorder, on man’s unreasonable desires and nature’s predictable decompose: first, surrounded by the sequence of events; second in its structural association; and third, in the glance of the screen. Greenaway is an order-and-chaos fanatic (Amy Lawrence, 175). Conclusion: In all the movies of Peter Greenaway discussed above, one thing is very common, that the men are always shown as a powerless creature and the women are always dominating. All the films bring the women as murderers of men. In the majority of his films, Peter Greenaway has at least a suggestion of proposal that the most important rationale of women is to damage men’s lives, typically with the aid of the men in query. More than any of his others, with the probable exclusion of the outstanding â€Å"Drowning By Numbers†, conveys a suggestion to the front, by using it as a primary message, rather than as an indication of the disentanglement of the plot. Unluckily, perhaps due to this approach, there are not a lot of subplots there, and therefore, the movie needs somewhat in difficulty, in contrast with some of his previous work. The Draughts men’s Contract came into view like a touching work of art with bright color and dazzling imagery. Though all are great movies, their schemes can be puzzling with the need of familiar dialogue and character progress. Greenaway movies are compactly and tightly weighed down with figure of speech and satisfied with metaphors, and are required to be moved towards accordingly, not with the similar state of mind that one would come close to a distinctive Hollywood motion picture, for an instance. Possibly furthermore supportive is a quotation from Greenaway himself: â€Å"If you want to tell stories, be a writer, not a filmmaker.†(IMDB, Pp1) References: Greenaway, Peter. 2001. The Draughtsman’s Contract: The Draughtsman’s Contract. Published by Distributed Art Pub, Pp 45 Greenaway, Peter. 1998. Drowning by Numbers. Published by Dis Voir, Pp 100 Greenaway, Peter. 1988. The Belly of an Architect. Published by Faber, Pp 105 Lawrence, Amy. 1997. The films of Peter Greenaway. Published by CUP Archive, Pp 175 The Internet Movie Database (IMDB), Biography for Peter Greenaway. (2008)Retrieved on 24th March ’09 from http://www. imdb. com/name/nm0000425/bio

Free Essays on Relating To The “I And Thou”

Relating to the â€Å"I and Thou† In the book entitled â€Å"I and Thou† written by Martin Buber translated by Walter Kaufmann he is explaining the importance of â€Å"I and Thou† as everyone being obsessed with what they can have or obtain instead of what they can become spiritually. Buber believes that if you see yourself in everything than you can be one with yourself. Buber says † There are men who hardly have an I at all† (Kaufmann, pg 12) I believe by this he means that one does not pay enough attention to ones self to know how to treat or be treated by others. People of today are more concerned about what they can obtain physically. People are not as concerned about what they can obtain spiritually for ones self. Buber says it in this quote â€Å" Some inhabit worlds in which objects loom large† (Kaufmann, pg 12). I believe Buber is saying that people are more obsessed with what they know than what they can learn from what they know. Here you see that we may have a group of people who are solid in knowledge but do they really know whom they are deep with in their center of being? Buber himself believes this also as stated in this quote â€Å" Here we have a community of solid scholars- so solid that there is no room at the center for any core.† (Kaufmann, pg 13) Buber also states that people can go through life with out ever knowing who they really are. They are just mere shells existing as people who are here living but do not know what there true existence is, as stated in this quote by Buber â€Å" this is an orientation in which I does not exist, and You and It and He and She are only shadows† (Kaufmann, pg 13) They have yet to learn that there is more to life than just working to exist and obtain objects. People do not understand that we are not just an â€Å"I† that we are all one and to be true to ones self you have to be true to everyone and everything around you. The reason being that we are all one in the same and we ... Free Essays on Relating To The â€Å"I And Thou† Free Essays on Relating To The â€Å"I And Thou† Relating to the â€Å"I and Thou† In the book entitled â€Å"I and Thou† written by Martin Buber translated by Walter Kaufmann he is explaining the importance of â€Å"I and Thou† as everyone being obsessed with what they can have or obtain instead of what they can become spiritually. Buber believes that if you see yourself in everything than you can be one with yourself. Buber says † There are men who hardly have an I at all† (Kaufmann, pg 12) I believe by this he means that one does not pay enough attention to ones self to know how to treat or be treated by others. People of today are more concerned about what they can obtain physically. People are not as concerned about what they can obtain spiritually for ones self. Buber says it in this quote â€Å" Some inhabit worlds in which objects loom large† (Kaufmann, pg 12). I believe Buber is saying that people are more obsessed with what they know than what they can learn from what they know. Here you see that we may have a group of people who are solid in knowledge but do they really know whom they are deep with in their center of being? Buber himself believes this also as stated in this quote â€Å" Here we have a community of solid scholars- so solid that there is no room at the center for any core.† (Kaufmann, pg 13) Buber also states that people can go through life with out ever knowing who they really are. They are just mere shells existing as people who are here living but do not know what there true existence is, as stated in this quote by Buber â€Å" this is an orientation in which I does not exist, and You and It and He and She are only shadows† (Kaufmann, pg 13) They have yet to learn that there is more to life than just working to exist and obtain objects. People do not understand that we are not just an â€Å"I† that we are all one and to be true to ones self you have to be true to everyone and everything around you. The reason being that we are all one in the same and we ...

Life and Work of Leonora Carrington, Activist and Artist

Life and Work of Leonora Carrington, Activist and Artist Leonora Carrington (April 6, 1917–May 25, 2011) was an English artist, novelist, and activist. She was part of the Surrealist movement of the 1930s and, after moving to Mexico City as an adult, became a founding member of Mexicos women’s liberation movement. Fast Facts: Leonora Carrington Known For: Surrealist artist and writerBorn: April 6, 1917 in Clayton Green, Clayton-le-Woods, United KingdomDied: May 25, 2011 in Mexico City, MexicoSpouse(s): Renato Leduc, Emericko WeiszChildren: Gabriel Weisz, Pablo WeiszNotable Quote: I didnt have time to be anyones muse... I was too busy rebelling against my family and learning to be an artist. Early Life Leonora Carrington was born in 1917 in Clayton Green, Chorley, Lancashire, England, to an Irish mother married to a wealthy Irish textile manufacturer. In a family of four children, she was the only daughter, alongside her three brothers. Although she was educated by excellent governesses and sent to good schools, she was expelled from two different schools for rebellious misbehavior. Eventually, Carrington was sent abroad to Florence, Italy, where she studied at Mrs. Penroses Academy of Art. When Carrington was ten, she first encountered Surrealist art in a gallery in Paris, which cemented her desire to pursue a career as an artist. Her father strongly disapproved, but her mother supported her. Although she was presented at court when she came of age, Carrington was mostly disinterested in the niceties of society. Newcomer to the Art World In 1935, Carrington attended the Chelsea School of Art in London for one year, but she then transferred to London’s Ozenfant Academy of Fine Arts (established by the French modernist Amà ©dà ©e Ozenfant), where she spent the next three years studying her craft. Her family was not openly opposed to her artistic pursuits, but by this point, they were not actively encouraging her either. Carringtons greatest champion and patron at this time was Edward James, the noted Surrealist poet and art patron. James bought many of her early paintings. Years later, he still supported her work, and he arranged a show for her work at  Pierre Matisses New York gallery in 1947. Relationship With Max Ernst At an exhibition in London in 1936, Carrington encountered the work of Max Ernst, a German-born Surrealist who was 26 years her senior. Ernst and Carrington met at a London party the following year and quickly became inseparable, both artistically and romantically. When they moved to Paris together, Ernst left his wife and moved in with Carrington, making a home in the south of France. Together, they supported each other’s art and even made works of art, such as quirky animal sculptures, to decorate their shared home. It was during this period that Carrington painted her first clearly Surrealist work, Self-portrait  (also called  The Inn of the Dawn Horse). Carrington depicted herself in dreamy white clothes and with loose hair, with a prancing hyena in front of her a rocking horse flying around behind her. She also painted a portrait of Ernst in a similar style. When World War II began, Ernst (who was German) was immediately treated with hostility in France. He was soon arrested by French authorities as a hostile foreign national and was released only because of interventions of several well-connected French and American friends. Things only got worse when the Nazis invaded France; they arrested Ernst again and accused him of creating â€Å"degenerate† art. Ernst escaped and fled to America with the help of art patron Peggy Guggenheim- but he left Carrington behind. Ernst married Peggy Guggenheim in 1941, and although their marriage soon fell apart, he and Carrington never rekindled their relationship. Institutionalization and Escape Terrified and devastated, Carrington fled Paris and headed to Spain. Her mental and emotional state deteriorated, and ultimately her parents had Carrington institutionalized. Carrington was treated with electroshock therapy and strong drugs. Carrington later wrote about her horrific experiences in the mental institution, which also reportedly included assault, abuse, and unsanitary conditions, in a novel, Down Below. Eventually, Carrington was released to the care of a nurse and moved to Lisbon, Portugal. In Lisbon, Carrington escaped the nurse and sought sanctuary in the Mexican embassy. Renato Leduc, a Mexican ambassador and friend of Pablo Picasso, agreed to help get Carrington out of Europe. The pair entered a marriage of convenience so that her path would be smoother as a diplomat’s wife, and they were able to escape to Mexico. Aside from a few journeys north to the United States, Carrington would spend most of the rest of her life in Mexico. Art and Activism in Mexico Carrington and Leduc divorced quickly and quietly in 1943. Over the next couple of decades, Carrington spent time in New York City as well as in Mexico, interacting with the art world at large. Her work was unusual among the Surrealist community in that she did not use the works of Freud as a major influence. Instead, she utilized magical realism and the idea of alchemy, often drawing on her own life for inspiration and symbolism. Carrington also went against the grain with regards to the Surrealists’ approach to female sexuality: she painted as she experienced the world as a woman, rather than the male-gaze filtered depictions of many of her counterparts. In the 1970s, Leonora became a voice for the women’s liberation movement in Mexico City. She designed a poster, called Mujeres conciencia, for their movement. In many ways, her art tackled concepts of gender identity and feminism, making her an ideal fit to work with their cause. Her focus was psychological freedom, but her work was primarily towards political freedom for women (as a means to this ultimate goal); she also believed in creating cooperative efforts between the movements in North America and Mexico. While Carrington was living in Mexico, she met and married the Hungarian-born photographer Emerico Weisz. The couple had two sons: Gabriel and Pablo, the latter of whom followed in his mother’s footsteps as a Surrealist artist. Death and Legacy Carringtons husband Emerico Weisz died in 2007. She survived him by about four years. After a battle with pneumonia, Carrington died in Mexico City on May 25, 2011, aged 94. Her work continues to be shown at exhibitions across the world, from Mexico to New York to her native Britain. In 2013, Carringtons work had a major retrospective at the Irish Museum of Modern Art in Dublin, and in 2015, a Google Doodle commemorated what would have been her 98th birthday. By the time of her death, Leonora Carrington was one of the last-surviving Surrealist artists, and undoubtedly one of the most unique. Sources Aberth, Susan. Leonora Carrington: Surrealism, Alchemy and Art. Lund Humphries, 2010.Blumberg, Naomi. â€Å"Leonora Carrington: English-Born Mexican Painter and Sculptor.† Encyclopaedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonora-Carrington.â€Å"Leonora Carrington.† National Museum of Women in the Arts, https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/leonora-carrington.

Relationship between the Public Relations and Marketing functions Essay

Relationship between the Public Relations and Marketing functions - Essay Example Public relations if well utilized serve as an effective tool in building awareness through generating stories in the media. Then public relation after developing the story in the media then takes another step to create a sense of an enigma among salespersons to boost their morale of work. Marketing mainly involves a variety of processes concerned with finding out what customers want and then availing it for them at a profit (Weinreich, 2011). This process of marketing mainly involves four key elements, referred to as marketing mix. Red Bull, one of the most popular soft drink producers has continued to enjoy continuous prosperity in many of its stalls due to its ability to perfectly bridge the gap between public relations and marketing. In the attempt to popularize the company products, Red Bull, has adopted various forms of marketing to promote its products. The company has intensively used advertising as one tool of its marketing (Dubois, 2010). Without advertising, many notable red bull products could be still unknown to consumers. Initially, Red bull solely depended on encouragement strategy to the consumers. They orally urged them to try the company’s products so as to realize the power and the uniqueness of them. Their marketing effort concentrates on getting more and more persons to buy the company’s product. They believed that after consuming their products, customers will get satisfied and later will serve as means of marketing message dissemination channel. Later, the company adopted modern means of marketing like advertising in order to reach more consumers so as to increase the company profits. As a form of marketing, the advertisement has given the red bull company a competitive edge in the soft drink market (Yates, 2008).